柴达木盆地盐湖资源管理信息系统的设计与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘朵  张健  张荣群  张小栓 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(9):20-24

建立基于GIS技术的柴达木盆地盐湖资源管理信息系统,可以为盐湖资源开发管理与高效利用提供信息化的决策咨询平台。文章在分析盐湖资源循环利用管理需求的基础上,讨论了柴达木盐湖资源管理软件系统的构架和功能目标,分析了系统设计流程和实现技术。通过运用C#语言和ArcGIS Engine组件技术,基于.NET框架的Microsoft Visual Studio 2008集成开发环境,实现了柴达木盆地盐湖资源分布的三维场景浏览、盐湖企业及其生产经营状况的查询分析和盐湖资源开发的动态管理,为循环经济区盐湖资源的可持续利用提供了技术支持。  相似文献   

洱海盆地水面与地面气象要素变化特征的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐安伦  赵晓红  付志嘉  刘劲松  孙绩华 《南京气象学院学报》2011,34(2):225-231

依据大理国家气候观象台在洱海湖中建立的自动观测系统以及大理国家基本气象站观测资料,对2008至2009年的风、温、湿、压、降水要素的日变化和季节变化特征进行了对比分析。结果表明：受局地复杂地形和洱海的影响,洱海盆地近地层常年存在湖陆风、山谷风、峡谷风三者叠加效应引起的局地环流。水面盛行风向白天以东南风为主,夜间以东南风和西西南风为主,而地面白天以东东南风为主,夜间以静风和西西北风为主。年平均风速小,水面为2.9m/s,地面为2.4m/s。水面年平均气温为16.8℃,而地面为16.0℃。两观测点气温、相对湿度、气压均表现出明显的日变化特征,水面气温、相对湿度出现极大值和极小值的时间均比地面晚。全年降水多集中在5—10月。  相似文献   

基于MODIS影像的西藏典型内陆湖泊变化研究及成因分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

拉巴  拉巴卓玛  陈涛 《气象与环境科学》2011,34(3):37-40

根据2002-2009年的MODIS卫星遥感数据和2000-2009年的气温、地表温度、降水量、相对湿度等气象资料分析得出,2002-2009年西藏典型湖泊面积变化显著：位于西藏藏北地区的色林错、当热雍错、扎日南木错湖泊面积呈扩大趋势,在8 a内分别增长了241.97 km2、12.8 km2、11.69 km2;位于...  相似文献   

四川省地震堰塞湖灾害及其防御对策研究     

马声浩 《四川地震》2011,(2):17-25

通过公元前26年至今的2千余年发生在四川省境内的14次地震事件形成的堰塞湖的研究分析认为,1786年康定—泸定磨西743级地震、1879年7月1日甘肃武都8·0级地震、1933年茂县叠溪721地震、1976年松潘—平武7·2级地震和2008年汶川8·0级地震形成的堰塞湖造成严重的次生灾害;地震堰塞湖生成的重要背景条件为...  相似文献   

Zooplankton community structure and ecology of the tropical-highland Lake Hayq, Ethiopia     

Tadesse Fetahi  Seyoum Mengistou  Michael Schagerl 《Limnologica》2011,41(4):389-397

Lake Hayq, a highland lake in Ethiopia, was stocked with Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in late 1970s, offering an opportunity to study the effect of fish predation in a natural lake. Since 1930s, some limnological surveys have been done sporadically documenting a change in zooplankton composition including the disappearance of cladocerans, hypothesizing the stocked planktivorous fish could be a cause. Nevertheless, no detailed research was conducted to identify potential effects of fish stocking predominantly due to its remote location. The article presents data about zooplankton composition, abundance and biomass done between October 2007 and January 2009 on short-time intervals including the underlying limnological variables. The zooplankton community was depauperate comprising two copepods, three cladocerans, and six rotifers taxa, as typical for tropical lakes. Total mean standing biomass of all crustacean zooplankton was 237 mg dry mass m⁻³, which gave Lake Hayq an intermediate position when compared with other tropical lakes. Of copepods, Thermocyclops ethiopiensis was almost an exclusive species, and its temporal variation was influenced by food supply and water temperature. We refute the hypothesis that Tilapia was the cause for the seasonal disappearance of cladocerans, and attribute it to the adverse effect of episodic mixing. Nevertheless, the planktivorous fish probably plays a key role in structuring the cladocerans in particular the large-sized Daphnia magna. In January 2008, we observed a massive planktivorous fish mortality that triggered high algal biomass, which was later grazed by large-sized D. magna demonstrating the trophic cascade hypothesis in a natural ecosystem.  相似文献   

Calcium and magnesium‐limited dolomite precipitation at Deep Springs Lake,California     

PATRICK MEISTER  CAROLINA REYES  WILL BEAUMONT  MIGUEL RINCON  LISA COLLINS  WILLIAM BERELSON  LOWELL STOTT  FRANK CORSETTI  KENNETH H. NEALSON 《Sedimentology》2011,58(7):1810-1830

Dolomite [Ca,Mg(CO₃)₂] precipitation from supersaturated ionic solutions at Earth surface temperatures is considered kinetically inhibited because of the difficulties experienced in experimentally reproducing such a process. Nevertheless, recent dolomite is observed to form in hypersaline and alkaline environments. Such recent dolomite precipitation is commonly attributed to microbial mediation because dolomite has been demonstrated to form in vitro in microbial cultures. The mechanism of microbially mediated dolomite precipitation is, however, poorly understood and it remains unclear what role microbial mediation plays in natural environments. In the study presented here, simple geochemical methods were used to assess the limitations and controls of dolomite formation in Deep Springs Lake, a highly alkaline playa lake in eastern California showing ongoing dolomite authigenesis. The sediments of Deep Springs Lake consist of unlithified, clay‐fraction dolomite ooze. Based on δ¹⁸O equilibria and textural observations, dolomite precipitates from oxygenated and agitated surface brine. The Na‐SO₄‐dominated brine contains up to 500 mm dissolved inorganic carbon whereas Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ concentrations are ca 1 and 0·3 mm , respectively. Precipitation in the subsurface probably is not significant because of the lack of Ca²⁺ (below 0·01 mm ). Under such highly alkaline conditions, the effect of microbial metabolism on supersaturation by pH and alkalinity increase is negligible. A putative microbial effect could, however, support dolomite nucleation or support crystal growth by overcoming a kinetic barrier. An essential limitation on crystal growth rates imposed by the low Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ concentrations could favour the thermodynamically more stable carbonate phase (which is dolomite) to precipitate. This mode of unlithified dolomite ooze formation showing δ¹³C values near to equilibrium with atmospheric CO₂ (ca 3‰) contrasts the formation of isotopically light (organically derived), hard‐lithified dolomite layers in the subsurface of some less alkaline environments. Inferred physicochemical controls on dolomite formation under highly alkaline conditions observed in Deep Springs Lake may shed light on conditions that favoured extensive dolomite formation in alkaline Precambrian oceans, as opposed to modern oceans where dolomites only form diagenetically in organic C‐rich sediments.  相似文献   

巴尔喀什湖分湖水平衡及其影响与优化保护研究     

王姣妍  龙爱华  邓铭江  李湘权  谢蕾 《冰川冻土》2011,33(6):1353-1362

巴尔喀什湖是中亚干旱区最大的湖泊生态系统之一,其保护对中亚地区具有重要意义,但同时对相关区域也产生了较大的水资源压力.分析其水量平衡,对提出合理的保障措施具有重要的理论与实践价值.根据巴尔喀什湖形态、水文特征,在分析识别其水量平衡主要影响因素与作用机制的基础上,根据水量平衡原理与东西湖分治的思想,反演了1936-200...  相似文献   

湖泊沉积物不同粒级组分的元素含量特征及其环境指示意义①——以内蒙古黄旗海为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张静然  贾玉连  申洪源  孙倩  于玲玲  吴敦银 《沉积学报》2011,29(2):381-387

黄旗海湖泊柱状沉积物的全样、77~20 μm、<20 μm粒级的钛(Ti)、锰(Mn)、锶(Sr)、銣(Rb)、钡(Ba)、锆(Zr)等元素含量分析表明,元素在湖泊沉积物各粒级组分的丰度存在较大差异:Ti、Zr倾向于在粗颗粒中富集,Mn、Sr、Rb倾向于在细颗粒中富集,Ba的富集粒级不明显。Ti、Zr与Mn、Rb的颗粒粒级富集倾向可能是其硅酸盐矿物颗粒碎化过程的结果,而Sr则与湖泊自生碳酸盐有关。元素比值Zrc/（Rbc+Bac）、Zrc/Rbc与Ti、Zr的粒度效应Tic/Tif、Zrc/Zrf指示了沉积物重、轻矿物的相对比率,是流域侵蚀强度与湖泊涨缩的信息指示;Ba、Rb与Sr在细粒级的含量之比Baf/Srf、Rbf/Srf指示了硅酸盐与碳酸盐矿物的相对含量,是流域风化、侵蚀搬运强度与湖泊过程（包括物理/化学/生物）等混合信息指示,没有明确的环境指向性。  相似文献   

中国西北地区典型盐湖铀富集特征初探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

韩军  王志明  郝伟林  林效宾 《铀矿地质》2011,27(3):160-165

根据对中国西北地区典型盐湖水文地质、铀矿地质和卤水地球化学性质的调查,初步探讨了不同水化学类型盐湖铀的富集规律,以及铀在盐湖固液相中的选择性富集特征。结果表明,盐湖补给区的铀源条件,盐湖卤水（晶间卤水）的盐度（矿化度）是决定盐湖富铀的主要因素,大多数碳酸盐型盐湖中铀在固液相中的分配比远大于硫酸盐型。两类盐湖卤水和补给水中,铀主要以碳酸铀酰形式存在。浅层晶间卤水和盐湖盐类沉积物中的铀含量往往较高。  相似文献   

咸水湖泊沉积物中正构烷烃及其氢同位素组成与成因     

段毅  何金先  吴保祥  徐丽  张晓丽  孙涛 《地球科学》2011,36(1):53-61

青海湖是我国最大的内陆咸水湖泊,对这种湖泊沉积物中正构烷烃及其氢同位素进行了分析,研究了沉积物中正构烷烃及其同位素组成,并且与青海湖水生植物及其周围陆生植物的研究结果进行了对比,研究了它们的成因.结果显示了青海湖表层和柱状沉积物中正构烷烃分布都是类似的,其特征反映了它们起源于湖泊周围陆生草本植物.青海湖表层沉积物中正构...  相似文献